What is Biblical Criticism? Revisiting Barton's Ten Theses

The methodologies and approaches that constitute biblical studies have always been a contentious topic. Relationships between language, literature, history, and faith are all elements that present challenging questions for how biblical critics go about their business as academics. What even is biblical criticism and why does/should it exist? These sorts of questions cause problems for those in the lay arena to understand what our discipline is comprised of and what its end goals are. Take, for example, an amateur documentary from about a decade ago entitled "What's the Big Deal About the KJV?" created by American pastor Sam Gipp. An ardent King-James-Onlyist, Gipp disparages the "critical text" of the New Testament, that which is decided upon by scholars to be the best and most reliable of the NT manuscripts. He says, with great confidence, " if you think about that, just the fact that it's 'critical' should tell you there's a problem ...